Kathmandu and Bhaktapur Celebrate the Historic Panchadaan Festival

Kathmandu – The streets of Kathmandu and Bhaktapur came alive as the Buddhist Newar community celebrated Panchadaan, a centuries-old festival honoring charity and devotion. Dating back to 512 Nepal Sambat, the festival is observed in the month of Gunla (Shravan) and centers on the legendary monk Dipankar Buddha, who foretold the enlightenment of Siddhartha Gautam.

During the festival, five statues of Dipankar Buddha are carried in colorful processions across the city, accompanied by traditional music and enthusiastic devotees. The statues tour local monasteries and neighborhoods, while in Bhaktapur, the “Five Dipankars” from five historic monasteries converge at Adipadma Mahavihar before parading through all ten wards, ending at Taumadhi Square. Devotees participate by offering Pancha Daan,  ritual donation of staple grains, fruits, nuts, and kheer, symbolizing selfless giving and spiritual merit.

The festival is rooted in a famous legend: when Dipankar Buddha visited Patan, he refused lavish donations from the king but gratefully accepted humble offerings from a poor woman. Inspired, the king earned his own wealth and donated it, establishing the tradition of selfless charity that continues today.

More than a celebration, Panchadaan is a reflection of the Newar Buddhist philosophy that generosity nurtures spiritual progress and community bonds. The festival also coincides with the Newar custom of preparing kheer (rice pudding) after the paddy harvest, which is shared with relatives, friends, and the needy.

From centuries-old rituals to vibrant modern-day festivities, Panchadaan remains one of Nepal’s most enduring and meaningful cultural celebrations, celebrating faith, charity, and the living heritage of the Kathmandu Valley.